Abstract
Baluran National Park (BNP) is one of the highest number of tourist visit among Indonesian national park. In the past decades, excessive feeding has induced change in macaque behaviour which increased the number of recorded human-macaque interaction. The close contact between macaque and humans can increase the risk of disease transmissions. This study aimed to identify gastro intestinal (GI) parasite in the long-tailed macaque. To provide identification, we adopted morphologic methods. We collected 100 faeces from unidentified individuals of Long-tailed macaque in BNP. Fecal samples were tested using direct smear and modified sugar floatation techniques. Microscopic examination showed 89% (89/100) samples were found to be positive of GI parasite. The prevalence of protozoa infection was higher (89%) than helminth (83%). The most prevalent GI parasite is Trichostrongylus sp (66%) following with Entamoeba sp. (53%), Strongyloides sp. (32%), Blastocystis sp. (32%), Trichuris sp.(17%), Giardia sp. (10%) and Enterobius sp. (3%). All of GI parasite that successfully identified have zoonotic concern. In conclusion, GI parasites found in faeces of long-tailed macaque at Baluran National Park potentially a zoonotic transmission.Keywords : GI Parasite; Long tailed Macaque; Baluran National Park; Zoonosis
Highlights
Baluran National Park (BNP) is one of the natural habitats for long-tailed macaque
A total of 7 different gastro intestinal (GI) parasites successfully identified in the long-tailed macaque at Baluran National Park
Among GI parasites the highest prevalence rate of 66% was detected for Trichostrongylus sp. followed by Entamoeba sp. (53%), Strongyloides sp. (32%), Blastocystis sp. (32%), Trichuris sp. (17%), Giardia sp. (10%) and Enterobius sp. (3%) (Table 2, Figure 2)
Summary
Close interaction between humans and long-tailed macaque has been reported there This problem arises due to excessive feeding by tourists inducing changes in the behavior of longtailed macaque who were initially afraid of humans to become bold and unafraid (Friishansen et al, 2015). Non-human primates, including Long-tailed macaques, have been identified as potential hosts and reservoirs of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites diseases found in humans such as Microfilariasis, Giardiasis, Cryptosporidiosis, Schistosomiasis, hookworms, Taeniasis, Ascariasis, and Amoebiasis. They were reported to be prevalent across populations in Bali Island (Lane-DeGraaf et al, 2011; Lane-DeGraaf et al, 2014).
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