Zone Tool: Improving Self-Care and Self-Efficacy among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) mortality has increased in Egypt; consequently, comprehensive health education is necessitated. This study aimed to: develop and employ, then, evaluate the developed zone tool as a health education strategy on CKD patients’ self-care management and self-efficacy levels. A methodological design was implemented. Two hundred patients with CKD were randomly assigned as an assessment group, then, by systematic random sampling; 30% of them, were recruited as an experimental group. Three tools were used for data collection: Tool one: Patient's sociodemographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire, Tool two: CKD Self-Management Instrument, and Tool three: Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease Six-Item Scale. Results for the assessment group showed an obvious low level in self-care management and self-efficacy perceptions. After using the developed zone tool among the experimental group; the findings revealed little improvement in clinical characteristic’s values, and considerable improvement in self-care management and self-efficacy perception levels within 1st, 2nd, to 3rd assessments. Conclusion: the developed zone tool is a crucial educational approach to improve CKD patient’s self-care management, and self-efficacy perception levels. Recommendations and further studies: interdisciplinary involvement should be integrated into developing comprehensive and valid CKD health education materials. Evaluation of health education’ compliance among CKD patients is a required study.