Abstract
Abstract. We analyzed what kind of fundamental physical phenomena can be responsible for the generation of the anomalous latitudinal zones of the seismic activity, and the hotspots, and some other geophysical processes. The assessment of tidal effect contribution to the earthquake preparation process is discussed. A disk model of the Earth's rotation was proposed. The model is acceptable for the homogeneous Earth and for the heterogeneous one. The disk model explains the nucleation of two maximums of the gradient of the moment of inertia over latitude with respect to the Equator. Effects of the variations in the Earth's rotation angular velocity were estimated and the possible features caused by the rotation velocity instability were described. The variations in the relative velocity of the Earth's rotation (dimensionless value ν ≈ (T − P)/P) are approximately equal upon the average to 10−8, where T is the observed length of day for the Earth, and P is the astronomical day. These variations lead to the occurrence of the additional energy estimated as 1020 J. The authors proposed the hypothesis of a pulsating geoid based on effects of the Earth's rotation features, and tidal forces, and conception of critical latitudes in the solid Earth. This hypothesis may highlight the phenomenon of zonal intensification of some geological processes in the solid Earth (the seismic activity, and hotspot location, and major ore deposit locations).
Highlights
A zonal amplification of the seismic activity at the middle latitudes was already denoted in the last century (Gutenberg and Richter, 1949; Mogi, 1979; Sun, 1992)
On the basis of equations for the geopotential at the Equator (Stacey and Davis, 2008), at the Pole, and at the critical latitude, we revealed the theoretical formula for the ellipticity of a planet that does not contain the body moment of inertia ε=
The disk model of the Earth takes into consideration only the gradient of inertia of a rotating celestial body consisting of the sum of infinitely thin disks perpendicular to rotation axes
Summary
A zonal amplification of the seismic activity at the middle latitudes was already denoted in the last century (Gutenberg and Richter, 1949; Mogi, 1979; Sun, 1992). Because of the fact that most earthquakes are concentrated along the boundaries of lithospheric plates, normalizing of earthquake number and released energy by the length of the lithospheric plate boundaries in every single latitudinal belt was used (Levin and Sasorova, 2009b). It was revealed that the latitudinal distributions of deposit number and deposit density (in 10◦ latitude belts) have a bimodal character: the peaks at 20–30◦ S and 40–60◦ N, and the local minimum at 10–20◦ N and almost zero values at the high latitudes (Sasorova et al, 2013). The objective of this work is the search for the model combination that could consolidate the simple mechanical analysis of body rotation processes and the elements of the pulsating geoid model, taking in account the concept of critical latitudes and consequences of the planet rotation instability
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