ZnO Nanorods Growth and the Parametric Survey of Factors Influencing the Morphologies for DSSC Application-Review

Abstract

Zinc-oxide (ZnO) nanostructures, such as nanorods, are generally viewed as leading studies of keen interest due to their significant application potential in many applied areas, primarily for the improvement of photovoltaic solar cells. The morphologies of nanorods are linked to the seed layer (SL) optimization. As a result, forming a high-quality ZnO thin film prior to the growth of nanorods is critical. The processing parameters used during the synthesis technique can influence the quality of the synthesized samples. This review article focuses on the outcomes of the process variables responsible for better-synthesized ZnO SL for nanorod growth. The effect of various parameters, such as annealing temperature, precursor solution, and ZnO SL thickness, on the morphology characteristics of ZnO nanorods prepared was reviewed. The study examined numerous published works to find the effect of heat treatment, the thickness of the layer, substrate, and precursor concentration on the morphology of the seed layer in the production of ZnO nanorods.