Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-cauliflower arrays with high-aspect-ratio hexagonal ZnO nanopillars have been prepared by using a polystyrene (PS) sphere template and an electrodeposition technique in zinc nitrate aqueous solutions. The ZnO electrodeposition is a two-step process, which is composed of electrodepositon (i) in a higher Zn(NO3)2 concentration and (ii) in a lower concentration. The structural and optical characteristics were investigated by using a field-emission scanning electron microscope and spectrofluorometer. The ZnO nano-cauliflower array is so high-quality that it emits ultraviolet light with a phton energy of 3.2 eV at room temperature due to the recombination of bound exitons. Dye-sensitized solar cells using the ZnO nano-cauliflower array as a transparent electrode have been fabricated and an energy conversion efficiency of 0.15% was obtained.
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