Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are mostly composed of organic cations and organic/inorganic anions. One of the most important class of ILs are imidazolium ILs. The hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of ILs are regularly influenced by length of alkyl side chain of cation. According to this effect, better hydrophilicity comes from a shorter alkyl side chain and on the contrary, better hydrophobicity comes from a lengthier alkyl side chain of cation. Typical ILs have exceptional properties. Most ILs are stable at about 300 °C in the liquid state at normal conditions. Due to the exceptional properties of ILs, they have been used in diverse industries including batteries and fuels. As solvents, ILs have been employed in many chemical fields. Solubilities of ILs with organic/inorganic species are completely satisfactory. Here, by N-methyl imidazole (Im), 1,3-dibromopropane, triethanolamine (TEA), and ZnBr2, new ionic liquid (TEA-Im-Zn) was synthesized and used as catalyst and solvent in the synthesis of functionalized 1-benzamino-1,4-dihydropyridine using aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, triethylamine, arylamine and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate.
Highlights
Since the first report of ionic liquid (IL) by Paul Walden in 1914, thousands of articles were published about Ionic liquids (ILs) until now [1]
Imidazolium-based ILs are the most usable ionic liquids which most researches in this field are on the basis of them
Among wide-ranging applications of ILs, catalysis has been known as a favorable application of ILs
Summary
Since the first report of ionic liquid (IL) by Paul Walden in 1914, thousands of articles were published about ILs until now [1]. ILs have following applications: As reagents and scavengers, to synthesize energy storage materials, to desulfurize fuel, for energy production, for carbon capture, functional material, and in denitrogenating of fuel oils [9] According to their applications, many kinds of ILs were synthesized till : Acidic ILs, functionalized ILs, covalently and non-covalently supported ILs, ILs transported. Huisgen’s 1,4-dipoles have been widely used for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds by multicomponent reactions [10] In this contribution, and in continue to our previous researches [11,12,13], a new IL using triethanolamine (TEA), N-methyl imidazole (Im), 1,3dibromopropane and ZnBr2 (Zn), TEA-Im-Zn, was synthesized and by using aromatic aldehydes, arylamine, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, and malononitrile, functionalized 1-benzamino-1,4dihydropyridine were synthesized
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