Abstract
HemoCleanse collaborated with Dr. John Sherman and Union Carbide in the 1980s to develop a cation exchanger with high selectivity for potassium and ammonium, for use in a wearable artificial kidney. Synthetic zeolites had unexpected solubility in this application but by 2000, UOP (a sister company of Union Carbide) had developed zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC). HemoCleanse performed early animal studies of SZC as an oral sorbent. These showed remarkable binding characteristics. HemoCleanse then obtained the license for SZC for medical applications, helped to form ZS Pharma, and collaborated in further animal studies and clinical trials. AstraZeneca purchased ZS Pharma in 2015, and SZC (Lokelma®) has now become an effective treatment for hyperkalemia in patients with kidney failure and cardiac conditions.
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