Zinc nitride quantum dots as an efficient probe for simultaneous fluorescence detection of Cu2+ and Mn2+ ions in water samples.

Abstract

The exceptional ascending heights of graphene (carbon) and boron nitride nanostructures have invited scientists to explore metal nitride nanomaterials. Herein, Zn3N2 quantum dots (QDs) were prepared via a simple hydrothermal route from the reaction between zinc nitrate hexahydrate and ammonia solution that possess efficient strength towards sensing applications of metal ions (Cu2+ and Mn2+). The as-prepared Zn3N2 QDs show bright fluorescence, displaying an emission peak at 408nm upon excitation at 320nm, with a quantum yield (QY) of 29.56%. It was noticed that the fluorescence intensity of Zn3N2 QDs linearly decreases with the independent addition of Cu2+ and Mn2+ ions, displaying good linearity in the ranges 2.5-50µM and 0.05-5µM with detection limits of 21.77nM and of 63.82nM for Cu2+ and Mn2+ ions, respectively. Theprobe was successfully tested for quantifying Cu2+ and Mn2+ in real samples including river, canal, and tap water, providinggood recoveries with a relative standard deviation < 2%. Furthermore, the masking proposition can successfully eliminate the interference if the twometal ions exist together. It was found that thiourea is efficiently able to mask Cu2+ and selectively quenches Mn2+, and L-cysteine is able to halt the quenching potential of Mn2+ and is selectively able to sense Cu2+. The Zn3N2 QDs provide a simple way for the simultaneous detection of both Cu2+ and Mn2+ ions in environmental samples at lowsample preparationsrequirements.