Abstract
Summary The zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide (ZIO) stain of synaptic vesicles has been improved by combining it with aldehyde prefixation. The method used by Martin et al. in cephalopod nerves has been adapted for mammalian tissues. All nerve terminals of spinal grey matter of adult rats were found to contain ZIO-positive vesicles. Both S-type and F-type synaptic vesicles were stained, although approximately half of the vesicular population remained unstained. Aside from staining synaptic vesicles the ZIO method brings out the structural difference between F-type and S-type boutons very clearly and might prove useful in systematic studies concerning the distribution of these two types of synapses throughout the nervous system. The problem of specificity of ZIO staining reaction and its relationship to cholinergic transmission mechanisms still remains to be solved.
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