Zinc Induced Enzymatic Defense Mechanisms inRhizoctoniaRoot Rot Infected Clusterbean Seedlings

Neha Wadhwa,Naresh Mehta,Udai Narayan Joshi

doi:10.1155/2014/735760

Neha Wadhwa, Naresh Mehta + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/735760

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Abstract

This investigation was planned to determine the effect of different concentrations of zinc (Zn) on biochemical constituents of clusterbean, which play an important role in disease resistance mechanisms. Clusterbean seedlings were grown with 0, 10, or 20 mg Zn kg−1soil treatments in earthen pots filled with 700 g inoculated soil. Soil was inoculated by pretreatment with 250 mg (wet weight) ofRhizoctoniainoculums per pot. A similar set was maintained in uninoculated soil. Root rot incidence decreased to 41 and 27 per cent with 10 and 20 mg Zn kg−1soil treatments, respectively, as compared to 68 percent at control. Antioxidative enzyme activity (polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, and tyrosine ammonia lyase) increased in inoculated seedlings and was increased further by 20 mg Zn kg−1soil treatment. Antioxidative enzymes play an important role against fungal invasion, as peroxidase is involved in the formation of barrier via lignifications at the site of pathogen penetration. PAL and TAL play a key role in phenylpropanoid metabolism and could perform defense-related functions. Zn acts as a cofactor for these enzymes, so it can be concluded that Zn may be used as a soil-nutritive agent to increase resistance in plants against fungal diseases.

Highlights

Clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) commonly known as “Guar” is an important annual kharif legume crop of arid and semiarid regions of the country
Many soil-borne fungi such as Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Macrophomina phaseolina infect plants to cause damping-off and wilt diseases [3,4,5]
The research was planned to determine the effect of different concentrations of zinc (Zn) on biochemical constituents of clusterbean, such as antioxidative enzymes namely peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, and tyrosine ammonia lyase, which play an important role in disease resistance mechanisms

Summary

Introduction

Clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) commonly known as “Guar” is an important annual kharif legume crop of arid and semiarid regions of the country. It is commonly grown in north-western zone of India, namely, Haryana, Rajasthan, Punjab, and parts of U. Root rot is a soil-borne fungal disease that results in damping-off of seedlings. There should be more efficient use of inputs to avoid pest tolerance, reduce environmental risk, and improve human health. It is, beneficial to maximize genetic resistance through breeding in order to increase productivity and to reduce disease incidence

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