Abstract
Zinc finger-homeodomain transcriptional factors (ZF-HDs), a kind of plant-specific transcription factor, play important roles in plant growth, development and various stress responses. In this study, the genome-wide analysis of the ZF-HD gene family was performed in wheat. A total of 37 TaZF-HD genes were identified in T. aestivum and classified into six groups. The results of a synteny analysis showed that gene replication events contributed to the expansion of the TaZF-HD gene family. The TaZF-HD paralogous gene pairs with similar chromosomal locations in different subgenomes had similar expression patterns. TaZF-HDs were highly induced under PEG (polyethylene glycol), NaCl and cold stress but not induced under heat stress. Gene ontology (GO) annotation and protein-protein interactions suggested that TaZF-HD proteins may participate in various biological processes of plants. These results increase our understanding of ZF-HD genes and provide robust candidate genes for future functional investigations aimed at crop improvement.
Highlights
Transcription factors (TFs) have been confirmed to play central roles in the regulatory networks of plant growth, development and stress responses through binding to specific cis-elements [1,2]
The results indicated that TaZF-HD proteins were divided into six groups (Figures 1 and 2A), which were consistent with previous phylogenetic analyses of plant Zinc finger-homeodomain transcriptional factors (ZF-HDs) proteins [16,18]
The members of the zinc finger (ZF)-HD gene family have been reported in many plants but they have not been genome-wide identified in wheat
Summary
Transcription factors (TFs) have been confirmed to play central roles in the regulatory networks of plant growth, development and stress responses through binding to specific cis-elements [1,2]. Zinc finger-homeodomain (ZF-HD) proteins are a kind of plant-specific transcription factor that plays vital roles in plant growth, development and various stress responses [9,10]. ZF-HD proteins contain a homeodomain (HD) domain and a C2H2-type zinc finger (ZF) domain [11,12]. Most homeodomain proteins have other domains that participate in protein-protein interaction and other functions [14]. The ZF domain widely exists in regulatory proteins and participates in DNA binding and protein-protein interactions [15]. ZF-HD proteins usually bind to specific DNA sequences with a core consensus of ATTA and form homodimers and heterodimers [9]
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