Zinc/aluminum-layered double hydroxide-gallic acid doped carboxymethyl cellulose nanocomposite films for wound healing

Abstract

Effective loading and delivering the wound healing-based materials to the wound site and area with an optimum concentration and limited cytotoxicity are essential for a complete and fast healing process. Here, we have designed Zn/Al-LDH nanoparticles-loaded CMC films for encapsulation and delivery of gallic acid (GA) in order to develop an effective and efficient wound-healing scaffold. The physicochemical properties of the prepared Zn/Al-LDH nanohybrids were thoroughly characterized by several characterization techniques, such as FESEM, Hi-TEM, FTIR, and XRD techniques. The thermal properties of the scaffolds were evaluated by DSC and TGA analysis. The release profiles of GA from fabricated films were studied over 8 h by UV–vis spectroscopy. In vitro drug release studies in PBS solutions with pH 7.4 showed a mono-phasic profile in which the liberation of the drug mainly occurred by scaffold erosion and increased by increasing the experiment period. The in vitro antibacterial activity of Zn/Al-LDH-GA-loaded CMC films was assessed by disk diffusion and cell viability contact tests. The results showed the desired antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Incorporating GA within CMC and CMC-Zn/Al-LDH films rereleased good cytocompatibility at the studied incubation time and different concentrations toward human normal HFF cell line than the free drug. The results of the present study indicated that the Zn/Al-LDH and Zn/Al-LDH-GA-loaded CMC have promising wound healing features to further develop a better future for clinical remedy of the different non-healing and hard-to-heal wounds.