Abstract
The addition of ZnI2 drastically accelerated the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide to styrene oxide catalyzed by pyrrolidinopyridinium iodides. In the presence of ZnI2, the styrene carbonate yield reached up to 89 % in 7 h at 100 °C under 1 atm of CO2. The rate constant increased by greater than three-fold by the addition of ZnI2. Studies of reaction kinetics in addition to high resolution mass and NMR analysis demonstrated that the primary active species consists of two or more pyrrolidinopyridinium cations combined with ZnI4 2− anion.
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