Zigzag Solitons and Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Discrete Rabi Lattices with Long-Range Hopping

Haitao Xu,Zhelang Pan,Jun Xu,Yan Liu,Suiyan Tan,Zhihuan Luo,Zhijie Mai

doi:10.3390/sym10070277

Abstract

A new type of discrete soliton, which we call zigzag solitons, is founded in two-component discrete Rabi lattices with long-range hopping. The spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) of zigzag solitons is also studied. Through numerical simulation, we found that by enhancing the intensity of the long-range linearly-coupled effect or increasing the total input power, the SSB process from the symmetric soliton to the asymmetric soliton will switch from the supercritical to subcritical type. These results can help us better understand both the discrete solitons and the Rabi coupled effect.

Highlights

Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is a spontaneous process of symmetry breaking, by which a physical system in an asymmetric state ends up in an asymmetric state
Phase transition is very important in physics, so how to control both spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) and the phase transition in these two types of systems has become a hot research topic in optics and Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) over the last twenty years [30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39]
We found that by inducing the Rabi coupled effect in a two-component discrete system with the long-range linearly-coupled effect, a new type of discrete soliton, which we call zigzag solitons, can stably exist

Summary

Introduction

Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is a spontaneous process of symmetry breaking, by which a physical system in an asymmetric state ends up in an asymmetric state. SSB can occur in various optical systems, such as double-well systems [20,21,22], dual-core fibers [23] and waveguide arrays [24,25,26]. Phase transition is very important in physics, so how to control both SSB and the phase transition in these two types of systems has become a hot research topic in optics and BEC over the last twenty years [30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39]. In [41], we first designed single-component waveguide arrays with a long-range linearly-coupled effect and created digital solitons.

Model and Methods

Discrete Zigzag Solitons and Their Mobility

SSB of Zigzag Solitons

Conclusions