Zespół materiałów wczesnośredniowiecznych z Częstochowy-Mirowa

Abstract

In 1962, pottery ceramic materials from the early medieval period were found in the graves of the Lusatian culture. They came from a hearth pit and probably from off-site layers. There is the Gąszczyk settlement about 520 m away in a straight line, north-west from the Site 1. Among the surviving and documented medieval museum pieces, particular attention should be paid to the reconstructed pot, fragment of a vessel with cylinder-shaped neck and the fragment of a bottom with a pottery mark. On the basis of individual diagnostic traits, the set of the discovered pot ceramics can be dated widely, from the 7th / 9th until the 13th century. Such early dating can be misleading, however, because it is based only on the ornamentation of the pottery vessel and the technique of manufacturing the vessels – hand-crafted moulding and poorly shaped rolling. The pot appears to have been made by an inexperienced potter, and it can be treated, it seems, as an inept specimen. Perhaps, this is why a hole was made in its bottom and it was used for other purpose than kitchen work. The other materials appear to be chronologically younger and should be generally dated to the period between the 11th and the 13th century, as well as to the late medieval period. The cave discovered by W. Błaszczyk, PhD, is probably a tiny fragment of the indeterminate early medieval settlement used also in the late medieval period.