Abstract
A zero bias conductance peak (ZBCP) was often observed in the tunneling spectra of junctions with at least one electrode consisting of a high temperature superconductor (HTS). Based on general considerations, the sign change of the phase of an unconventional d x 2−y 2-wave pairing symmetry in the HTS is expected to lead to current carrying Andreev bound states (ABS) at the Fermi level at surfaces and interfaces of HTS. In this article, the results of tunneling spectroscopy using grain boundary Josephson junctions (GBJs) formed by different hole and electron doped HTS are summarized. Including the tunneling spectra obtained by low temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy (LTSTS) and planar superconductor-insulator-normal metal (SIN) junctions a consistent picture for the origin of the ZBCP based on the existence of ABS is developed. A further consequence of the ABS is the formation of anomalous Meissner currents for which experimental evidence is presented.
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