Abstract
Imidazolium-derivative cations are very interesting molecules used as organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) for zeolite synthesis, widening the possibilities of new materials and applications in this research area. In this review, the studies performed at LABPEMOL using this kind of compound are presented after a quick overview on imidazolium derivatives. The first zeolite synthesis results that started this research study were obtained with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. Then, the design of new OSDAs based on the imidazolium cation, such as 1,2,3-triethylimidazolium, 2-ethyl-1,3-dimethylimidazolium and 1,2,3-triethyl-4-methylimidazolium, is reported. Afterwards, the structure-direction effect caused by the introduction of heteroatoms with already-published imidazolium derivatives (for example, the Al3+ insertion into zeolite frameworks with two different OSDAs and the silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) synthesis using 2-ethyl-1,3,4 trimethylimidazolium cations) is discussed. Finally, we also present a quick overview of some achievements of other laboratories.
Highlights
The first synthetic zeolite obtained marked a milestone in the study of porous materials [1,2].Since scientists have attempted to design quick and reliable routes for synthesizing analogues of the existing natural zeolitic topologies [3,4]
3+ cations into known structures synthesized works that followed focused on the introduction of research works that followed focused on the introduction of Al cations into known structures with imidazolium derivatives inderivatives hydrofluoric synthesized with imidazolium in media
Imidazolium cation derivatives derivatives are promising compounds compounds both in the search for new zeolitic structures thethe synthesis of theofalready known known ones
Summary
The first synthetic zeolite obtained marked a milestone in the study of porous materials [1,2]. Among the various ionic liquids there are the imidazolium derivatives, which are usually synthesized via the quaternization of one of the Ns of the corresponding imidazole derivative [20,21] These compounds have a certain degree of hydrophobicity, which helps to explain the role they represent in synthesis, as for example described in the articles by Rojas et al and Variani et al [22,23]. The use of ionic liquids in the synthesis of zeolites began with the group of Prof. Dr Morris’ group to achieve a new synthesis route: ADOR (assembly-disassembly-organization-reassembly) [31,32] Through this process, some of the hypothetical structures that were once called unfeasible have been synthesized, which was not possible through traditional methodologies [33].
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