Abstract
Ultrasound contrast agents which are injected into the blood stream mostly use encapsulated microbubbles as acoustical scatterers. The acoustic properties of microbubbles differ significantly from those of scatterers in tissue. When insonified, bubbles oscillate in a nonlinear mode, which is determined by a mechanical resonance frequency. The insonification can cause changes of the bubble diameters, complete or partial destruction of the shells as well as splitting or fusion of bubbles. Received echoes resulting from sequences of short pulses reflect the alterations of the acoustic properties of the bubbles and, therefore, allow the formation of high resolution images which show the distribution of the contrast agent within the tissue. Consequently, this new imaging technique has the potential to improve the visualization of small vessels and the assessment of perfusion conditions.
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