Abstract
Magnesium and its alloys are widely considered as temporary bio-implants owing to their mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the high corrosion rates and degradation in the physiological environment restrict the practical application of Mg as a biomedical device. Therefore, in this study, Zein/45S5 bioactive glass (BG) coatings were deposited via electrophoretic deposition (EPD) on pretreated pure magnesium (Mg) substrates, which controls the rapid degradation of magnesium. The set of EPD parameters was first optimized on stainless steel (SS) and then the optimum EPD parameters were applied to obtain zein/BG composite coatings on Mg substrates. The morphology of the obtained coatings was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM results showed that both zein and BG were successfully deposited on the surface of the Mg substrate. Electrochemical measurements consisting of open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization confirmed that the corrosion resistance of Mg improved after the deposition of zein/BG coatings. The in-vitro bioactivity study was carried out by immersing the zein/BG coatings in simulated body fluid for 3, 7, and 21 days. SEM, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results elucidated that the hydroxyapatite layer developed after 21 days of immersion in SBF, which confirmed the bone binding ability of the coatings.
Highlights
According to the Global Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast (2017–2023), the value of the global bio implant market is expected to reach $124,154 million by the year 2023
Zein is obtained from the endosperm of maize that is composed of prolamins
The zein/bioactive glass (BG) composite coatings were deposited on pre-treated pure magnesium substrate via electrophoretic deposition (EPD). 2
Summary
According to the Global Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast (2017–2023), the value of the global bio implant market is expected to reach $124,154 million by the year 2023. The major driving factors are the prevalence of rapid aging and chronic diseases in humans [1] This increase in the market has increased research in the area. The degradation of Mg can be governed by different mechanisms such as galvanic corrosion, pitting corrosion, and stress corrosion [4] To overcome this drawback, many biomaterials can be used as coating materials that significantly enhance bioactivity and biocompatibility [6]. Zein is obtained from the endosperm of maize that is composed of prolamins It is a biocompatible polymer having applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery. Zein is a biodegradable protein with the ability to produce self-assembled colloidal particles for drug delivery [7] Another challenge for the Mg-based biomedical devices is their low mechanical strength compared to the other competitive metallic alloys. The mechanical properties of Mg based biomedical devices can be tailored by designing the coatings with appropriate composition for biomedical applications [4]
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