Abstract
We have measured by Raman scattering crystal-field (CF) transitions in Nd${}_{2}$CuO${}_{4}$ and Sm${}_{2}$CuO${}_{4}$ at low temperature in magnetic fields up to 16 T. The experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical calculations using a single-ion Hamiltonian which includes the CF potential, the rare-earth-Cu exchange interaction, and a Zeeman term. Furthermore, the measured Raman scattering intensities are in qualitative agreement with transition strengths predicted by calculations using second-order perturbation theory and the Judd-Ofelt approximation. Being sensitive to wave functions, such Zeeman studies provide a crucial test for the accuracy of CF Hamiltonians and their parameters.
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