Zawał serca u chorych na cukrzycę — nowości terapeutyczne

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for coronary heart disease and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. Moreover, diabetes mellitus adversely affects the prognosis after myocardial infarction increasing the risk of complications in shortand long-term follow-up. Despite early coronary revascularization, diabetes significantly increases the mortality rate in myocardial infarction. Results from clinical trials published in recent years showed, in addition to glucose-lowering effect, sodium-glucose cotransporters inhibitors 2 and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists proved to reduce the cardiovascular risk and mortality in diabetic patients, which resulted in recommendation in Task Force for diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Moreover, empagliflozin and dapagliflozin reduce the risk of heart failure hospitalization and death in patients with heart failure. This publication aimed to discuss the most important differences in the currently recommended pharmacotherapy, in particular, the above-mentioned new hypoglycaemic drugs and dual antiplatelet therapy, and qualification for invasive and surgical treatment in myocardial infarction and diabetes compared to non-diabetic patients.