Zappa–Szép products of Garside monoids

Abstract

A monoid K is the internal Zappa–Szép product of two submonoids, if every element of K admits a unique factorisation as the product of one element of each of the submonoids in a given order. This definition yields actions of the submonoids on each other, which we show to be structure preserving. We prove that K is a Garside monoid if and only if both of the submonoids are Garside monoids. In this case, these factors are parabolic submonoids of K and the Garside structure of K can be described in terms of the Garside structures of the factors. We give explicit isomorphisms between the lattice structures of K and the product of the lattice structures on the factors that respect the Garside normal forms. In particular, we obtain explicit natural bijections between the normal form language of K and the product of the normal form languages of its factors.