Abstract
BackgroundZanthoxylum armatum DC is an important medicinal plant of south East Asia, and has been used to treat various ailments in traditional medicine including diabetes. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic and biochemical effects of extracts of Z. armatum in mice.MethodThe extracts of fruit, bark and leaf from Z. armatum were tested for α-glucosidase inhibition activity. Albino mice of either sex weighing (26–30 g) assigned into groups. Diabetes was induced by IP injection of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg). The extracts (500 mg/kg) and standard (Glibenclamide 10 mg/kg) were administered to mice for 15 days. Serum biochemical parameters were monitored for the period of study.ResultsThe leaves and bark extracts showed maximum α-glucosidase inhibition (96.61 ± 2.13 and 93.58 ± 2.31% respectively). The extracts treated and the standard treated groups showed significant decrease in the fasting blood glucose levels compared to diabetic control. The effect was more pronounced in mice treated with leaves extract. In the in vivo studies body weights of diabetic mice treated with Z. armatum extracts and the standard did not reduced to extent as observed in diabetic control and this difference was significant (p < 0.05). There was a significance (p < 0.001) improvement in blood hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, and triglycerides of the extracts treated diabetic mice. The extracts showed hypolipidemic effect by reducing the LDL level. The extracts produced no prominent changes in proteins levels.ConclusionIt can be concluded that Z. armatum extracts showed excellent antidiabetic potential in vivo and in vitro and could be considered for further appraisal in clinical assessment and drug development.
Highlights
Zanthoxylum armatum DC is an important medicinal plant of south East Asia, and has been used to treat various ailments in traditional medicine including diabetes
In the in vivo studies body weights of diabetic mice treated with Z. armatum extracts and the standard did not reduced to extent as observed in diabetic control and this difference was significant (p < 0.05)
It can be concluded that Z. armatum extracts showed excellent antidiabetic potential in vivo and in vitro and could be considered for further appraisal in clinical assessment and drug development
Summary
Zanthoxylum armatum DC is an important medicinal plant of south East Asia, and has been used to treat various ailments in traditional medicine including diabetes. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic and biochemical effects of extracts of Z. armatum in mice. Natural products and their derivatives have been successful source of bioactive molecules in medicines much before the advancement of other modern therapeutics in the post-genomic era [1]. The world health organization has recommended and Medicinal herbs are expected to have a similar degree of efficacy without the troublesome side effects associated with conventional drug treatment [4]. A multitude of herbs and medicinal plants and some compounds purified from them have been studied for the treatment of diabetes throughout the world as they might provide a basis of new synthetic antidiabetic analogues with potent activity [5].
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