Ypt1 recruits the Atg1 kinase to the preautophagosomal structure

Abstract

When macroautophagy, a catabolic process that rids the cells of unwanted proteins, is initiated, 30-60 nm Atg9 vesicles move from the Golgi to the preautophagosomal structure (PAS) to initiate autophagosome formation. The Rab GTPase Ypt1 and its mammalian homolog Rab1 regulate macroautophagy and two other trafficking events: endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi and intra-Golgi traffic. How a Rab, which localizes to three distinct cellular locations, achieves specificity is unknown. Here we show that transport protein particle III (TRAPPIII), a conserved autophagy-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ypt1/Rab1, is recruited to the PAS by Atg17. We also show that activated Ypt1 recruits the putative membrane curvature sensor Atg1 to the PAS, bringing it into proximity to its binding partner Atg17. Since Atg17 resides at the PAS, these events ensure that Atg1 will specifically localize to the PAS and not to the other compartments where Ypt1 resides. We propose that Ypt1 regulates Atg9 vesicle tethering by modulating the delivery of Atg1 to the PAS. These events appear to be conserved in higher cells.