Abstract
Ypsilothuria bitentaculata bitentaculata(Ludwig, 1893), previously known from several localities in the Pacific Ocean, is recorded herein for the first time from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean based on eight specimens caught off the coast of southeastern Brazil, between 505–511 m deep. Several morphological details are added to the description ofY. b. bitentaculata, including photographs of specimens and calcareous ring plates, as well as scanning electron microscope images of the ossicles from the body wall, oral and anal siphons and introvert. Additionally,Y. b. bitentaculatais compared to its congeners.
Highlights
The southwestern Atlantic deep-water benthic fauna has been poorly sampled and poorly understood (Manning et al 1989, Tavares 1999)
Y. b. bitentaculata is compared to its congeners
There has been a proliferation of monitoring oceanographic cruises carried out by oil and gas companies as well as survey expeditions conducted by research institutions and the deep-sea fishing industry
Summary
The southwestern Atlantic deep-water benthic fauna has been poorly sampled and poorly understood (Manning et al 1989, Tavares 1999). Among the recent efforts undertaken to explore Brazil’s deep-sea benthic habitats are a number of deep-water oceanographic investigations conducted in southeastern Brazil as part of the REVIZEE Program (Living Resources in the Exclusive Economic Zone) (Amaral and Rossi-Wongtschowski 2004). The REVIZEE cruises in southeastern Brazil yielded eight specimens of Ypsilothuria bitentaculata bitentaculata (Ludwig, 1893) (Ypsilothuriidae), a species new to the southwestern Atlantic fauna. The genus Ypsilothuria comprises two species: Y. bitentaculata (Ludwig, 1893) and Y. talismani Perrier, 1886. These two species were questionably divided into five subspecies (Heding 1942, Paulay and Hansson 2013): Y. b.
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