Youngsters' perceptions of the experience of pain and utilisation of over-the-counter pain medication as needed in community: A qualitative study.

Abstract

Pain is common in youngsters. No matter its nature, youngsters' consideration of pain is complex since its communications vary as a function of several components. The aim of this study is to explore the youngsters' perception linked to their experience of physiological pain at the home/family setting, as well as their experience with the utilisation of over-the-counter pain medication as needed. A qualitative exploratory study was undertaken with 22 youngsters aged 5-17 years old. Semidirected interviews led to the understanding of these components by means of the pain experiences. Thematic analysis allowed the detection of the themes and subthemes emerging from the verbatim collected with the participants. The way pain is described is influenced by the child's development, previous experiences, and the projection of having pain. The pain communication is influenced by the severity perceived, the beliefs of the youngster experiencing pain, the comparison of the pain communication with his brothers and sisters, as well as the anticipated consequences of expressing his pain. The choice of behaviour towards pain is influenced by self-management through nonpharmacological management, with medicines if needed, and by family modelization. This study confirms that previous pain experiences, beliefs related to pain tolerance and intended reactions of parents exert influence not only on the communication of pain, but also on youngsters' behaviour towards pain. It is important to consider these elements whenever youngsters' pain is evaluated.