Young people's views on accelerometer use in physical activity research: findings from a user-involvement investigation

Abstract

BackgroundThe benefits of physical activity in young people are well documented. Understanding of young people's physical activity behaviours is therefore important in promotion of participation in this group. Objective measures are increasingly used to quantify the amount and intensity of physical activity, and accelerometers are currently the favoured device. Previous studies have found some parents reporting their children as unwilling to wear accelerometers at school and during sports because of the risk of stigma and bullying. There is however, little evidence for how young people themselves feel about wearing accelerometers for physical activity research. We aimed to investigate young people's views on accelerometer use. MethodsWe undertook a user-involvement qualitative study, involving five focus group discussions with young people aged 7–18 years (n=35). Participants were members of two Medicines for Children Research Network (MCRN) young person's advisory groups and pupils from two local primary schools. Focus groups allowed for differences between participants to be revealed. Young people's views were analysed by thematic analysis. FindingsFive broad themes emerged from the focus group discussions: first impressions, how it feels to wear an accelerometer, best time to wear an accelerometer, disadvantages of wearing an accelerometer, and how accelerometers can be made more appealing or incentives for use. First impressions of accelerometers were often negative, with issues related to size and comfort reported. In particular, participants felt that the accelerometer could be too bulky and that the elastic waistband used to attach it could be uncomfortable. Unwanted attention from wearing the device and the risk of bullying were also noted. Other disadvantages included feeling embarrassed and not being able to wear the device for certain activities (eg, swimming or contact sports). Many young people felt that they would find it difficult to keep an activity diary alongside their accelerometer use. Positive aspects included feeling special or having increased attention or curiosity from friends. Views on the best time to wear accelerometers (eg, term time or holidays) were mixed. Young people offered advice on how to make wearing accelerometers more appealing, including presenting the device in a positive way, using a clip rather than an elastic band to attach it, personalising the device, and being able to see activity levels via feedback afterwards. InterpretationThere has been little focus on young people's views on wearing accelerometers in physical activity research. This small-scale user-involvement study provides initial data and provides practical issues for researchers to consider when embarking on accelerometer research in this group. Young people's views on accelerometer use are varied. Judgments over the way in which accelerometers are used should be made at the study development stage, and based on the individual population, to increase compliance. This study presents practical ideas for researchers to help to increase acceptability of accelerometer use in young people. This is a small-scale study within a specific group of young people in the West Midlands, UK, but initial findings are revealing and certainly warrant further exploration. FundingNational Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment.