Abstract
Stroke in young adults may have early impact on quality of life in survivors. Uncontrolled stroke risk factors, lack of treatment facilities and a dense population has made its special significance in South Asia. The main aim of this study is to evaluate incidence, risk factors, etiology and clinical characteristics of young ischemic stroke in South Asia. Incidence of young stroke is more common in South Asian countries than developed western countries and has higher prevalence in rural areas. Traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia and diabetes are associated with majority of cases. Cardioembolism and undetermined etiology contribute to a large proportion of stroke etiology. Appropriate stepwise investigations are suggested to diagnose stroke of other determined etiology. Regular intake of drugs to control risk factors, cessation of smoking, and promote physical activity is suggested to reduce the burden of young stroke. Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2013;02(01):27-33 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaim.v2i1.7636
Highlights
Stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability among young adults.[1,2] It comprises about 85% of global death in developing countries.[3]
The main aim of this study is to evaluate incidence, risk factors, etiology and clinical characteristics of young ischemic stroke in South Asia
Rajeev Ojha, et al Young Ischemic stroke in South Asia | Review Article young ischemic stroke patients was found to be 5% in Pakistan14, 6% in Bangladesh15, 9.2% in Nepal[16] and 3.8% in India(age≤40).[17]
Summary
Stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability among young adults.[1,2] It comprises about 85% of global death in developing countries.[3] Most studies on young ischemic stroke were found to be conducted in developed countries. Only a few studies have been reported and stroke is regarded as an under recognized burden here.[4] According to United Nations statistics division, nine countries are included in South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.[5] South Asia comprises of more than one fifth of the world population and its people scattered all around the world.[4] Due to dense population and being in one of the poorest regions, most people in these countries are still abandoned from proper education system, unaware of controllable risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, habit of smoking and alcohol abuse, and lack of healthcare centers and experts. Studies have reported the higher frequency of young stroke patients in these regions than in western countries.[6,7] South Asian stroke patients were comparatively found to be younger than the stroke patients in western countries.[8,9]
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