Abstract

This article reports on an investigation of false belief understanding in 3- to 5-year-olds. A task based on an observed episode of naturalistic play was used. Children participated in a game of hide and seek, in which a false belief was generated in the seeker by another child and the researcher. The task was undertaken twice with an interval of 6 weeks between collections. In addition to the hide and seek task, 2 traditional false belief tasks were completed. Results indicated that more children were able to demonstrate an understanding of false belief during the hide and seek tasks than during the traditional tasks. One reason for this finding may be that different social contexts elicit different representational understanding. In addition, improvement in performance between the 1st and 2nd collections appears to be related to maturational factors.

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