Abstract
A healthy condition is defined by complex human metabolic pathways that only function properly when fully satisfied by nutritional inputs. Poor nutritional intakes are associated with a number of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and osteoporosis. In recent years, nutrition science has undergone an extraordinary transformation driven by the development of innovative software and analytical platforms. However, the complexity and variety of the chemical components present in different food types, and the diversity of interactions in the biochemical networks and biological systems, makes nutrition research a complicated field. Metabolomics science is an “-omic”, joining proteomics, transcriptomics, and genomics in affording a global understanding of biological systems. In this review, we present the main metabolomics approaches, and highlight the applications and the potential for metabolomics approaches in advancing nutritional food research.
Highlights
Metabolomics science is an “-omic”, joining proteomics, transcriptomics, and genomics in affording a global understanding of biological systems
Farag et al [123] evaluated the impact of functional food, which is defined as a dietary supplement that beneficially regulates body functions, on the microbiota with a focus on the microbiota physiology that could be evaluated by untargeted metabolomics
Seven functional foods, such as green tea, black tea, Opuntia ficus-indica, black coffee, green coffee, pomegranate, and sumac were introduced to consortium culture with eight different types of bacteria: Anaerostipes caccae, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bifidobacterium longum, Blautia producta, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium ramosum, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus plantarum that would resemble metabolic activities found in the human gut [123]
Summary
Metabolomics employs different analytical platforms including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [22,23,24,25,26,27], Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR). To the conventional HPLC [35,43,44], ultra-performance LC (UPLC) has been developed, which utilizes smaller beads in the column (less than 2 um) and operates under higher pressure than conventional LC, offering a significant reduction of band broadening In this way, it increases sensitivity up to 2–3 times over the standard HPLC [44,45]. The minimal sample preparation requirements, high reproducibility, and non-destructive character are major advantages of the NMR analytical technique in metabolomics analysis. Another important advantage of the NMR technique is that it can be used both for identification and quantification of the analyzed molecules qualitative analysis of a multi-component sample is complicated.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
