Yolk sac tumor in a 20 years old patient

Abstract

Yolk sac tumor or endodermal sinus tumor is a rare malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (is a borderline tumor) diagnosed in young females up to 25 years old. Histopathological it resembles the mesenchyme of the primitive yolk sac. Microscopically it presents the following triad: Schiller-Duval bodies, reticular aspect and PAS+ hyaline droplets (α-fetoprotein). The diagnosis of Yolk sac tumor is made by dosing serum α-fetoprotein, ultrasound and MRI – DWI imaging. It requires surgical treatment, followed by chemotherapy (new therapies – platin or carboplatin, etoposide, bleomycin) [1]. Survival prognosis at 5 years is of 80% for stage I. Differential diagnosis is with Brenner tumor, ovarian clear cell carcinoma, dysgerminoma, malignant teratomas, androblastoma, dermoid cyst.