YL529, a novel, orally available multikinase inhibitor, potently inhibits angiogenesis and tumour growth in preclinical models.

Abstract

Targeted chemotherapy using small-molecule inhibitors of angiogenesis and proliferation is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. YL529 was developed via computer-aided drug design, de novo synthesis and high-throughput screening. The biochemical, pharmacodynamic and toxicological profiles of YL529 were investigated using kinase and cell viability assays, a mouse tumour cell-containing alginate bead model, a zebrafish angiogenesis model and several human tumour xenograft models in athymic mice. In vitro, YL529 selectively inhibited the activities of VEGFR2/VEGFR3 and serine/threonine kinase RAF kinase. YL529 inhibited VEGF165 -induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2, as well as the proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. It also significantly blocked vascular formation and angiogenesis in the zebrafish model. Moreover, YL529 strongly attenuated the proliferation of A549 cells by disrupting the RAF/mitogen-activated protein (MAP) or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) kinase (MEK) kinase kinase/MAPK pathway. Oral administration of YL529 (37.5-150 mg(-1) ·kg(-1) ·day(-1) ) to nude mice bearing established tumour xenografts significantly prevented the growth (60-80%) of A549, SPC-A1, A375, OS-RC-2 and HCT116 tumours without detectable toxicity. YL529 markedly reduced microvessel density and increased tumour cell apoptosis in the tumours formed in mice inoculated with the lung cancer cells, SPC-A1 and A549, and the colon carcinoma cells, HCT116. YL529, an orally active multikinase inhibitor, shows therapeutic potential for solid tumours, and warrants further investigation as a possible anticancer agent.