Yüksek Kaliteli Kışlık Yulaf Çeşitlerinin Geliştirilmesi

Abstract

The objective of national oat breeding program is to develop the oat varieties with high yielding, resistant to diseases, drought, cold, and heat stresses and suitable for different usages (food, feed, and forage). To achieve that goal, a total of 284 (232 lines + 52 checks) oat genotypes were tested under rain-fed conditions at the yield, advanced yield, and elite yield trials conducted between 2008 and 2012. During the consecutive oat breeding cycles, genotypes with high yielding and acceptable quality were promoted. Among the quality traits, protein content (PC), oil content (OC), and test weight (TW) were preferred as selection criteria. Heritability (H) and correlation coefficients were estimated for the GY and quality characteristics of the genotypes tested. While the H for GY was low (0.38), Hs for quality traits (PC, OC, and TW) were medium (0.66, 0.68, and 0.57, respectively). As for the correlations between the traits of interest, the statistically significant positive relationships were observed between GY and OC, GY and TW, and OC and TW. In contrast, statistically significant negative associations were measured between GY and PC, PC and OC, and PC and TW. Negative relationships and low-medium H values calculated for the traits studied appear to be the most critical obstacles for national oat breeding program. To tackle these obstacles, the parents, i.e., gene pool, used in the oat crossing block should be characterized as soon as possible and enriched with introducing new exotic germplasm. We believe that by doing so, we can develop high yielding and high-quality oat varieties.