Abstract
The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family cytokines, such as IL-17A and IL-17F, play important protective roles in host immune response to a variety of infections such as bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral. The IL-17R signaling and downstream pathways mediate induction of proinflammatory molecules which participate in control of these pathogens. However, the production of IL-17 can also mediate pathology and inflammation associated with infections. In this review, we will discuss the yin-and-yang roles of IL-17 in host immunity to pathogens.
Highlights
The interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokine family is composed of six defined members, including IL-17A through IL-17F1
In some infection models, including C. muridarum, IL-17 complemented the protective role imparted by the IL-12/IFN-γ axis through the involvement of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling where MyD88-deficient infected mice showed reduced IL-17 responses along with reduced neutrophil infiltration, which is important for early control of disease pathogenesis[87,88]
Anti-IL-17 therapies and impact on host immunity to infections Exacerbated IL-17 production is linked to excessive inflammation -associated complications such as autoimmunity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and contact dermatitis
Summary
The interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokine family is composed of six defined members, including IL-17A through IL-17F1. Th17 cells are involved in the IL-17-mediated responses associated with adaptive immune responses[56,57] These studies suggest that induction of IL-17 and synchronized production of anti-microbial molecules and neutrophil recruitment help the resolution of extracellular infection. In some infection models, including C. muridarum, IL-17 complemented the protective role imparted by the IL-12/IFN-γ axis through the involvement of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling where MyD88-deficient infected mice showed reduced IL-17 responses along with reduced neutrophil infiltration, which is important for early control of disease pathogenesis[87,88]. We suggest that anti-IL-17 treatments may have a detrimental effect on the overall immunity of those individuals as they may become immunocompromised, resulting in predisposition toward the risk of acquiring several infections (including Candida[176] and Mycobacterium[177])
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