Yield Stability of Soybean Genotypes in Tropical Environments based on Genotype and Genotype-by-Environment Biplot

Abstract

Genotype × environment interaction is universal phenomenon when different genotypes are tested in a number of environments. The objective of this experiment was to determine the seed yield stability of soybean genotypes. Seven soybean genotypes and two check cultivars were evaluated at eight soybean production centers during the dry season 2015. Stability analysis on seed yield was based on the GGE biplot method. The combined analysis showed that yield and yield components were significantly affected by genotype (G), environments (E), and genotype × environment interaction (GEI), except for number of filled pods. The highest yield was G6 (3.07 ton ha-1), followed by G7 (2.93 ton ha-1). The “which-won-where” polygon mapping resulted two mega-environments. The best genotype for the first mega-environment was G1 (G511H/Anjasmoro//Anjasmoro-2-8) at E5 (Pasuruan2); and the second one was G6 (G511 H/Anj//Anj///Anj////Anjs-6-7) at E1 (Nganjuk), E2 (Mojokerto), E3 (Blitar), E4 (Pasuruan1), E6 (Jembrana), E7 (Tabanan), and E8 (Central Lombok). The G7 (G511 H/Anjasmoro-1-4-2) was closest to ideal genotype as indicated by relatively stable and produced high yield across environments. The analysis of multi-environment trials data using GGE is useful for determining mega-environment analysis and stability of genotype which focusing on overall performance to identify superior genotypes.Keywords: GE interaction, GGE biplot, Glycine max, seed yield