Abstract
Potato is one of the most important horticultural crops widely grown in mid and high lands of Ethiopia. Several potato genotypes has been introduced and tested in different parts of western Ethiopia. However, the stability and performance of these genotypes under different parts of the regions were not yet assessed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of genotype, environment and their interaction for tuber yield and identify stable potato genotypes for possible recommendation. The study was conducted using nine potato genotypes during rainy seasons of 2016 and 2017 at three locations (Gedo, Shambu and Arjo) of western Ethiopia. The experiment was arranged in Randomized complete block design replicated three times. Among the testing locations, high yield (26.56 tha-1) was recorded at Arjo while, low (21.51 tha-1) at Shambu. Similarly, among the tested genotypes CIP39158.30 was showed high yield (36.41 tha-1) followed by CIP384321.30 (35.15 tha-1) while, CIP39264 showed low yield (13.3t/ha). Combined analysis of variance showed the main effect due to environments, genotype and genotype by environment interaction were highly significant (P≤0.01) for tuber yield. The genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GEI) was partitioned using GGE biplot model. The first two principal components obtained by singular value decomposition of the centred data of tuber yield explained 99.75% of the total interaction caused by genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GGE). Out of these variations PC1 and PC2 accounted 77.65% and 22.10%, respectively. Generally, the mean tuber yield, GGE biplot and regression slope identified CIP384321.30 as high yielding and stable genotype in the study area.
Highlights
Genotypes by environment interactions (GEI) is of the most importance to plant breeders [1]
Eight potato genotypes introduced from international potato center (CIP); namely CIP384321.30, CIP38502, CIP39016, CIP39158.30, CIP39261, CIP39264, CIP39328, CIP90142 were tested with Jallane potato variety as standard check
Considering the individual locations, the highest total yield was recorded at Tilahun Wondimu Fufa and Abraham Negara Fufa: Yield Stability Analysis of Elite Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varieties in Western Ethiopia
Summary
Genotypes by environment interactions (GEI) is of the most importance to plant breeders [1]. The association between the environment and the phenotypic expression of a genotype constitute the GEI [6, 7]. The GEI determines if a genotype is widely adapted for an entire range of environmental conditions or separate genotypes must be selected for different sub environments [8, 9]. When GEI occurs, factors present in the environment (temperature, rainfall, etc.), as well as the genetic constitution of an individual (genotype), influence the phenotypic expression of a trait [10]. The impact of an environmental factor on different genotypes may vary implying that the productivity of crop may vary among environments [11]
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