Yield performance of 60 maize testcross hybrids with CML161-Nei9008 as tester at two trial locations

Abstract

The interaction between genotype x environment is an essential knowledge for plant breeder to know and utilize, because performance of genotype at multiple environment can obtain different yield result. Constrain in achieving similar result due to genotype x environment interaction can cause difficulties in maize breeding program, even though analysis of this interaction is widely used to estimate how far the adaptability and stability possessed in a genotype. This study used sixty testcross hybrid genotypes, which were tested based on its yield performance at two locations (Muneng experimental station in East Java and Bajeng experimental station in South Sulawesi) during dry season of 2017. The objective of the study was to evaluate performance and Genotype x Environment interaction of 60 hybrids obtained from testcross with tester CML161-Nei9008. Experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and four check varieties (Bima 3, Bima 7, Bima 9, and Bima 10). Combined analysis for yield and yield components was carried out following standard procedure for maize yield trial. This study revealed a highly significant Genotype x Environment Interaction for yield of all genotypes. CML2017042 was found to have the highest yield potential and most suitable to be developed in Muneng. Another high yielding line, CML2017040, performed high yield potential and good adaptability at both Muneng dan Bajeng. Yields of those two genotypes (CML2017042 and CML2017040) were 15% higher compared to all check varieties.