YIELD OF WINTER BARLEY DEPENDING ON THE FERTILIZER SYSTEM

Abstract

The highest and most stable grain yields of winter barley depend on the possibility of using the variety of soil and climatic conditions of cultivation at the maximum level, as well as the ability to overcome adverse meteorological factors that impair plant growth and development. Therefore, new varieties must be characterized by a complex system of biochemical, physiological and economically valuable traits and properties that ensure adaptability to specific growing conditions. In recent years, climate change has become apparent in the central forest-steppe of Ukraine. Autumn and spring periods are often accompanied by drought, air storms. Precipitation is uneven, which is typical for the zone of unstable moistu. Winter barley can give high grain yields only on fertile soils and for the application of a sufficient amount of fertilizers. Therefore, in modern intensive technologies, the use of mineral fertilizers has an important place. It is especially important to carry out nitrogen fertilization of crops, which should be moderate in autumn and during tillering and the formation of elements of the yield structure. Plants assimilate nitrogen most intensively during the period of active growth - from the spring tillering phase to the heading phase. Introduction of diammofosk N10P26K26 + N34 for top dressing in the phase of the beginning of tillering + N46 the beginning of the emergence of plants into the tube under pre-sowing cultivation for growing winter barley winter barley plants and foliar feeding with urea at a dose of N8 + microfertilizer Ecolist at a rate of 4,0 l/ha contributed to the opportunity to obtain grain yield of winter barley varieties Atlant Mironovsky at the level of 6,81 t/ha, Paso variety – 7,29 t/ha, which is more for the control plots without fertilization, by 4,97-5,23 t/ha.