Abstract
The objective of this work was to adjust the physical environment in sandy soils in no-tillage, to allow for the better development and yield of soybean, under water deficient conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of The University of Western São Paulo in Presidente Bernardes, SP, 22º28'09'' S, 51º67'48'' W, 400 m asl. The experimental design constitued of two blocks each for the study variable: soil scarification, and no soil scarification. Each block was divided into 4 sub-blocks/treatments (control-natural seed bank of Urochloa brizantha-NSB; Urochloa brizantha broadcast seeding; Urochloa brizantha in line seeding; Urochloa brizantha in line seeding with soybean intercropped) with four replicates. As a plot, four systems of reimplantation of pasture with 4 kg ha-1 of Urochloa brizantha (Marandu cv.). Evaluated parameters: dry matter yield of pasture; yield components and soybean yield. The variables analyzed in each treatment were submitted to analysis of variance (p < 0.05) and as means were compared by the Tukey test (p < 0.05) using the Sisvar software. Considering the results obtained in the following research, it can be concluded that, according to the different pasture reimplatation systems, the treatment (in-line + soybean) contributed both to the increase of the dry matter of fodder, and to a yield of Soybean. Regarding the effect of soil scarification, none of the results were significantly influenced.
Highlights
At no-tillage the desiccation of grasses has an effect on weeds, which are divided into three distinct aspects: the physical, the chemical, and the biological
The biological effect occurs with the installation of microbiocenosis in the superficial layer of the soil, this is composed of organisms capable of using seeds and weed seedlings as an energy source, this is due to the large amount of organic matter deposited in the soil
The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE) in Presidente Bernardes, SP, at 22o28′09′′ S, 51o67′48′′ W, 400 m asl
Summary
At no-tillage the desiccation of grasses has an effect on weeds, which are divided into three distinct aspects: the physical, the chemical, and the biological Monquero et al (2009), emphasizes that, since the physical effect occurs in the germination interference and in the weed survival rate, the layer of mulch that remains on the ground prevents the sun’s rays from reaching the seedlings and the seeds. The biological effect occurs with the installation of microbiocenosis in the superficial layer of the soil, this is composed of organisms capable of using seeds and weed seedlings as an energy source, this is due to the large amount of organic matter deposited in the soil. The chemical effect, occurs through chemicals that are released by the mulch, which causes allelopathy in these plants
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