YIELD OF POTATO CULTIVARS AS A FUNCTION OF NITROGEN RATES

Roberta Camargos Oliveira,João Ricardo Rodrigues Da Silva,Renata Castoldi,Regina Maria Quintão Lana,José Magno Queiroz Luz

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n410rc

Roberta Camargos Oliveira, João Ricardo Rodrigues Da Silva + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n410rc

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Journal: Revista Caatinga	Publication Date: Oct 1, 2020
Citations: 4	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Uberlândia

Abstract

ABSTRACT The use of fertilizers at appropriate doses positively impacts the production and the environment. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the influence of nitrogen (N) rates on the crop yields of the potato cultivars, Ágata and Atlantic in Unaí, Minas Gerais (MG), and Ágata in Mucugê, Bahia (BA), Brazil. The cultivation of Ágata and Atlantic was conducted in MG from May to August and June to September 2014, respectively. In BA, Ágata was cultivated between September and December 2014. A random block experimental design was used with treatment rates of 0, 30, 70, 120, and 280 kg ha-1 of N. The macro and micronutrient concentrations in potato leaves were evaluated. At the end of the growth cycle, the production of tubers was also evaluated. In the absence of N application, it was observed that P, K, S, and B were below the adequate levels in Atlantic-MG, the S and Zn levels were lower than the adequate levels in Ágata -MG, and the N, K, Mg, and S levels were less than the adequate levels in Ágata-BA. The other nutrients met the needs of the potato, with the N increase being favorable to the levels of most nutrients in all experiments. The maximum rates of N varied between 138 and 194 kg ha-1 in the high and low cationic exchange capacity (CEC) regions, respectively. The knowledge of the interaction among soil attributes, climate conditions and crop specificities allows for the improved prediction of the dosage of N and a reduction in the optimum amount without affecting yields.

Highlights

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important food source due to its high energy and nutritional contents (SHEN et al, 2019)
The cultivation of Ágata and Atlantic potato cultivars was carried out in Unaí, Minas Gerais (MG; 6o21'27" S and 46o54'22" W, 640 m altitude, Awi climate in the Köppen climate classification, and with a clay-textured soil classified as Dystrophic Red Latosol), Brazil, from May to August and June to September in 2014, respectively
The concentrations found in Ágata-MG of P, K, S, and Mg were 2.9– 3.2, 42.8–43.6, 1.2–1.3, 6.2–6.5 g kg-1 dry mass (MS) and 30.2–35.7 mg kg-1 MS for Zn

Summary

Introduction

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important food source due to its high energy and nutritional contents (SHEN et al, 2019). The low availability of N in the arable soil layer, in addition to the high demand for the nutrient by plants, means that this essential nutrient is one of the most limiting factors in the productivity of potato crops (BRAUN et al, 2013). The plants adapt to nutrient fluctuations around the roots by means of the coordinated adjustment of root morphology and gene expression. This happens through the regulation of the rate of absorption by the roots, which decreases with deprivation and increases with the availability of N (ISHIKAWA-SAKURAI; HAYASHI; MURAIHATANO, 2014). The supply of N synergistically or antagonistically alters the absorption and use of other nutrients present in the soil, with the genetically controlled absorption of nutrients affected by the genotype-environmentmanagement interaction (MA et al, 2016; MALTAS; DUPUIS; SINAJ, 2018)

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