Abstract
Forage plants of the genus Brachiária show excellent adaptation to poor soils with high acidity in the region. They present good response to phosphate fertilization and tolerant to soil with higher humidity. The soils of Amazonia are characterized mainly by high acidity, low availability of phosphorus and high saturation of aluminum. Under these conditions, aluminum tends to fix the phosphorus, making it necessary to apply higher doses to supply the need for fodder, justifying the need to apply corrective acidity material. The objective was to evaluate the pH of the behavior and productivity of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés by using Arad rock phosphate and limestone dolomite in a yellow Latosol of medium texture collected from the 0-20 cm layer. The treatments were: soil only (T1); soil with the addition of lime (T2); soil with added Arad 30 days before planting (T3); soil with the addition of Arad on planting (T4); soil with the addition of Arad and liming 30 days before planting (T5); and soil with the addition of Arad and liming on planting (T6), distributed in five replications, totaling 30 experimental units. At 45 days of germination, evaluated the plant height (HP) and number of leaves (NL), culminating with the courts to obtain the shoot fresh matter (SFM) and dry matter (FDM), the other cuts made every 30 days. pH variations responded positively to the treatments using lime to increase the pH to levels close to 6.5. For HP variables, NL, SFM and SDM the highest increases were obtained for treatments under the influence of limestone (T2) and limestone + Arad 30 days before planting (T5). The natural phosphate fertilizer in combination with liming showed significant results for all parameters.
Highlights
Grasses from Brachiaria genus comprise about 90 species of great morphological and phenological variety (Alves et al, 2015)
The fertilizers used were Urea as nitrogen source, Simple Superphosphate (SFS) and Arad as sources of phosphorus and Potassium chloride as of potassium that were applied to the soil before or after sowing of the grass
The pH before implantation of the experiment led the soil at the high acidity level (Table 1), according to the classification of Ribeiro et al (1999)
Summary
Grasses from Brachiaria genus comprise about 90 species of great morphological and phenological variety (Alves et al, 2015). Amazonian soils are mostly characterized by high acidity, low P availability and high aluminum saturation In this situation the plants usually present symptoms of phosphorus deficiency, since aluminum fixes the phosphorus in less Available in soil and root surface, and interferes with the absorption, transport and use of phosphorus, among other essential elements, making it necessary to apply higher doses in order to nutritionally supply the need for forage crops (Costa, 2004). This justifies the need for the application of corrective acidity material, such as lime. Xaraés using Arad’s natural phosphate and dolomitic limestone on a medium texture yellow latosol
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