Yield and quality of potato tubers depending on a complex of chemicals applied under radioactive contamination

Aleksey Evgenievich Sekirnikov,Vladimir Vitalievich Sedov,Viktor Fedorovich Shapovalov

doi:10.22363/2312-797x-2019-14-2-133-141

Aleksey Evgenievich Sekirnikov, Vladimir Vitalievich Sedov + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2019-14-2-133-141

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Abstract

The influence of chemicals on productivity and quality of potato tubers cv. Kurazh cultivated on sod-podzolic sandy soils under radioactive contamination was studied in the south-west of the central Non-Black Soil Zone of the Russian Federation. Organo-mineral system (manure, 40 t/ha + N75P30K90) applied in complex with chemicals and biological agent Gumistim turned to be the most effective fertilizer system providing the maximum potato yields during the experiment. Moreover, complex application of the chemicals increased protein level and decreased starch content in tubers, it also improved amino acid composition; concentration of heavy metals and specific activity of cesium-137 did not exceed sanitary and hygienic standards (SanPiN 2.3.3 1078-01).

Highlights

Potato is one of the leading agricultural crops ensuring the country’s food security to a large extent
The high competitiveness of potatoes and their intended use is largely determined by a number of quality indicators, the most important of which is the bio-chemical composition of tubers [4]
The purpose of the research was to study the complex application of fertilizers, chemicals and biological agent Gumistim during cultivation of early potato cultivars grown in sod-podzolic radioactively contaminated sandy soil

Summary

Introduction

Potato is one of the leading agricultural crops ensuring the country’s food security to a large extent. Potato is second after cereals and is the most popular in the consumer basket of the population used for the production of a variety of food products. It is the most important forage and technical crop [1—3]. The high competitiveness of potatoes and their intended use is largely determined by a number of quality indicators, the most important of which is the bio-chemical composition of tubers [4]. One of the factors affecting the productivity, quality indicators of potato tubers and biochemical composition, is cultivation conditions including soil, climate and optimal mineral fertilizing throughout the growing season [5]. In order to increase potato productivity, it is necessary to use science-based agricultural practices allowing to optimize fertilizer doses, ratio of nutrients, pesticides, humic fertilizers [6], which are natural biochemical active substances stimulating growth, improving plant nutrition, taking part in redox reactions at the cellular level, reducing radionuclide and heavy metal intake, increasing plant resistance and activating anti-stress mechanism in plants [7—9]

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