Yield and amino acid composition of grain varieties of spring barley, depending on the use of biological products

Abstract

Relevance and methodology. Grain quality of crops is largely determined by the content and composition of proteins. The content of protein and amino acids in grain varies due to specific and varietal characteristics of the crop. The study of the effect of organo-mineral biological preparations on the yield and amino acid composition of grain of spring barley varieties proves to be relevant. The research was carried out in 2020–2021 in the conditions of experimental fields of the Bryansk State Agrarian University on gray forest medium loamy soil. The research object is spring barley varieties Raushan, Vladimir, Yaromir. The agricultural technique of cultivating spring barley is generally accepted for the region. There were the variants with biological preparations Geotone, Gumistim, Bioagro-PP, Bioagrogum-B, control (without treatment). The total nitrogen content in the grain was valued by the indophenol method and amino acids were assessed by capillary electrophoresis with the instrument "Kapel 105".Results. According to the results obtained, the highest grain yield of 6.82 t/ha and 7.35 t/ha of the barley varieties Vladimir and Yaromir was in the variants with Bioagro-PP, and the yield of 6.82 t/ha of the variety Raushan was in the variant with Gumistim. The application of biological preparations in barley cultivation contributed to an increase in the content of nitrogen in barley grain. It is established that the application of biological preparations contributed to an increase in the content of amino acids in the grain, including essential ones. Assessing the varietal characteristics of barley, it should be noted that the largest number of amino acids was in the grain of the variety Raushan, and the variety Yaromir had the smallest number. In the grain of Raushan the highest content of amino acids of 15.50 and 15.74 g/100 g of dry matter was recorded in the variants with Geotone and Bioagrogum-B.