Abstract
Background Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is an effector of Hippo pathway, which plays a significant role in cell proliferation and tumor progression. The relationship between YAP1 and gastrointestinal cancer has been explored in many previous studies. We conducted a meta-analysis to explore the prognostic effect of YAP1 in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods A systematic search was performed through the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library databases to collect eligible studies. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the relationship between YAP1 expression and gastrointestinal cancer clinical outcomes. Results A total of 2941 patients from 18 studies were enrolled. The results showed that elevated YAP1 expression predicted a poor prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer (HR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.29-1.89; P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated significant association between YAP1 overexpression and shorter OS of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.25-2.73; P = 0.002), gastric cancer (HR = 1.41,95% CI: 1.02-1.95; P = 0.037), and colorectal cancer (pooled HR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.42-2.15; P < 0.001). However, YAP1 expression did not affect DFS of patients with gastrointestinal cancer (pooled HR = 1.33; 95% CI: 0.95-1.88; P = 0.101). Conclusion Elevated YAP1 expression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer might be related to shorter OS. YAP1 protein could serve as a potential predictor of poor prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer.
Highlights
Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the major malignant diseases detrimental to health
After looking through full text of every paper, 97 articles were excluded because they were not related to Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) protein or did not study human gastrointestinal cancer
18 articles published from 2012 to 2018 studied the effect of positive YAP1 expression on patients survival in gastrointestinal cancer were enrolled into this meta-analysis (Figure 1) [4, 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26]
Summary
Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the major malignant diseases detrimental to health. Increasing expression of YAP1 protein was detected in numerous cancers, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is an effector of Hippo pathway, which plays a significant role in cell proliferation and tumor progression. The results showed that elevated YAP1 expression predicted a poor prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer (HR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.29-1.89; P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated significant association between YAP1 overexpression and shorter OS of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.25-2.73; P = 0.002), gastric cancer (HR = 1.41,95% CI: 1.02-1.95; P = 0.037), and colorectal cancer (pooled HR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.42-2.15; P < 0.001). Elevated YAP1 expression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer might be related to shorter OS. YAP1 protein could serve as a potential predictor of poor prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer
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