Yerba Mate Extract in Microfibrillated Cellulose and Corn Starch Films as a Potential Wound Healing Bandage.

Meysam Aliabadi,Washington L E Magalhães,Gabriel Goetten De Lima,Michael J D Nugent,Yvonne J Cortese,Mailson Matos,Bor Shin Chee,Tielidy A M De Lima

doi:10.3390/polym12122807

Abstract

Microfibrillated cellulose films have been gathering considerable attention due to their high mechanical properties and cheap cost. Additionally, it is possible to include compounds within the fibrillated structure in order to confer desirable properties. Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil, yerba mate leaf extract has been reported to possess a high quantity of caffeoylquinic acids that may be beneficial for other applications instead of its conventional use as a hot beverage. Therefore, we investigate the effect of blending yerba mate extract during and after defibrillation of Eucalyptus sp. bleached kraft paper by ultrafine grinding. Blending the extract during defibrillation increased the mechanical and thermal properties, besides being able to use the whole extract. Afterwards, this material was also investigated with high content loadings of starch and glycerine. The results present that yerba mate extract increases film resistance, and the defibrillated cellulose is able to protect the bioactive compounds from the extract. Additionally, the films present antibacterial activity against two known pathogens S. aureus and E. coli, with high antioxidant activity and increased cell proliferation. This was attributed to the bioactive compounds that presented faster in vitro wound healing, suggesting that microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) films containing extract of yerba mate can be a potential alternative as wound healing bandages.

Highlights

It confers a wide range of opportunities that have not yet been deeply tested within the film synthesis, and the nanosuspension produced during defibrillation of cellulose in any solvent may provide an alternative approach for the incorporation of extract as the solvent
microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) at Different of Stages blending was performed in two steps: during the cellulose (D), and after defibrillation (A)
Yerba mate extract incorporated into the films presented, for all samples, antibacterial activity (Figure 4a) using the shake flask method, against E. coli and S. aureus, with activity over 70%, values slightly higher than samples containing diluted extract (Section 3.1.2), albeit not statistically significant

Summary

Introduction

The field of wound healing has advanced fast in recent years [1,2], and it is possible to use films that can protect the humid environment of the wound, be antibacterial, decrease the scar size, and target deliver specific compounds in order to increase the regeneration of the tissue [3] Production of these films with incorporation of specific compounds can be time consuming and expensive [4]. Polymers 2020, 12, 2807 properties in exudation/bleeding wounds [6], and dextran—used in chronic wound dressing [7]; this is mainly because these polymers, which are biocompatible, biodegradable and nontoxic, have an organized structure which helps with cell viability and tissue ingrowth and can mimic the extracellular matrix [8] Their extraction synthesis in order to obtain a pure raw material involves a lot of steps and can increase their overall costs [9]. It confers a wide range of opportunities that have not yet been deeply tested within the film synthesis, and the nanosuspension produced during defibrillation of cellulose in any solvent may provide an alternative approach for the incorporation of extract as the solvent

Methods

Results

Conclusion