Abstract
Objective: The study aims to investigate the frequency and role of urinary tract infection (UTI) in prolonged jaundice in preterm and term neonates.
 Materials and Methods: This retrospective study occurred at Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Hospital in Istanbul between January 2014 and April 2018. The study involved 391 neonates who presented to our outpatient clinics with prolonged jaundice. UTI was defined as urine culture growth of at least 10.000 colony-forming units per millilitre (CFU/ml) in samples obtained via urethral catheterization. Birth weight, sex, gestational age, chronological age, laboratory results, hospital courses of patients, ultrasound findings and phototherapy history were recorded. 
 Results: UTI frequency was found to be 2.8% in 391 neonates with prolonged jaundice. Nine of them were male (81.8%), and 2 were female (18.2%). Eight patients with UTI (72.7%) were term and 3 (29.3%) were preterm. History of phototherapy, presence of leukocyturia or nitrituria, white blood cell count, and thrombocyte counts were significantly higher in the UTI group.
 Conclusion: Prolonged jaundice may be the first sign of UTI in neonates. Routine urine culture in neonates with prolonged jaundice may be useful, especially in those with a history of phototherapy and high white blood cell and thrombocyte counts.
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