Yeasts in native fruits from Brazilian neotropical savannah: occurrence, diversity and enzymatic potential

Helson Mario Martins Do Vale,Geisianny Augusta Monteiro Moreira,Marcos De Oliveira,Jefferson Brendon Almeida Dos Reis,Catharine Abreu Bomfim

doi:10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1184

Helson Mario Martins Do Vale, Geisianny Augusta Monteiro Moreira + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1184

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Abstract

Abstract: Cerrado is the second largest phytogeographic domain in Brazil, with a huge ethnobotany variety, including fruit species that stand out for their economic, industrial, biotechnological and medicinal potential. The objective of this study was to characterize the diversity of culturable yeasts and their potential for the production of hydrolytic enzymes in fruits of 13 species of native plants of the Cerrado in Brazil. Sequencing the 26S rRNA gene identified the isolates. The enzymatic potential was evaluated using specific substrates for the enzymes amylases, cellulases, proteases, and pectinases. Nine of the 13 fruit species analyzed showed yeast growth, totaling 82 isolates, identified in 26 species. The phylum Ascomycota predominated over Basidiomycota. The fruits of Butia capitata presented the highest species richness. Candida and Meyerozyma were the most frequent genera. About 57% of the isolates were able to produce at least one of the enzymes analyzed. The species Papiliotrema flavescens, Hanseniaspora meyeri, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa produced all the enzymes tested. The results were found to expand the knowledge about the yeast communities present in fruits of the Cerrado native plants, evidencing the presence of species shared among the plants, and their potential for biotechnological use in the future.

Highlights

IntroductionThe Cerrado is the second largest phytogeographic domain in Brazil occupying about 2 million km with phytophysiomic formations of tropical fields, savannah, and seasonal forest (Klink, 2005; Buzatti et al 2018)
The Cerrado is the second largest phytogeographic domain in Brazil occupying about 2 million km2 with phytophysiomic formations of tropical fields, savannah, and seasonal forest (Klink, 2005; Buzatti et al 2018). This biome is considered a biodiversity hotspot characterized by having a high number of endemic vascular plant species (Souza et al 2016; Buzatti et al 2018)
It is estimated that there are more than 4.400 plants native to this biome and, among this huge ethnobotanical variety, fruit species stand out for their economic, industrial, biotechnological, and medicinal value (Wantzen et al 2012; Machado et al 2014; Costas et al 2018)

Summary

Introduction

The Cerrado is the second largest phytogeographic domain in Brazil occupying about 2 million km with phytophysiomic formations of tropical fields, savannah, and seasonal forest (Klink, 2005; Buzatti et al 2018). Among the native fruit species of the Brazilian Cerrado, some of the most studied and used for economic and biotechnological purposes are the Anacardium humile A.St.-Hil (Cerrado cashew) (Silva et al 2013; Araújo et al 2018), Caryocar brasiliense Cambess (pequi) (Paz et al 2014) and Mauritia flexuosa Lf (buriti) (Castro et al 2014; Garcia et al 2015; Pratulea et al 2019). The fruits of these plant species, besides being rich in nutritional values, are known to present molecules with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, thickening, and aromatic properties (Silva et al 2013; Costas et al 2018). To be known for their nutraceutical characteristics, the Cerrado fruits have great economic importance for small farmers and extractivists in the Northwest region of the state of Minas Gerais - Brazil, like the cooperative “Copabase” (www.copabase.org), whose main objective is the commercialization of family and artisanal production products, such as fruit pulps, sweets, cakes, and other food products from the Cerrado fruits (Souza et al 2018)

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