Yakutia as a model of global warming of the Earth’s climate: the case of atmospheric circulation

Abstract

Investigations over the last decades have shown that Yakutia is not only a highly representative area for the study of global climate patterns, it is a model of the Earth due to the extensive influence of the Siberian anticyclone. Covering a grid of coordinates from the Arctic and Pacific Oceans almost to the Atlantic and Tibet, Yakutia dictates the patterns of climate change for the entire Northern Hemisphere. That can be clearly seen on example of modern climate change. The rate of warming here outpaces the rate of the Earth warming in 3-5 average annual degrees, thus showing not only the current warming trend, but also predicting it for the entire Earth with further temperature rise in future. Our paper shows the course of climate change over the last three centuries. It relies on the global patterns of atmospheric circulation on the wave of the hundred-year rhythm. Their essence is that the middle of centuries always brings cooling associated with latitudinal circulation of the atmosphere, and the turn of the century – the warming, in which latitudinal circulation is replaced by meridian circulation. It was happening in the last three centuries, confirmed by instrumental observations, and so it was in the time of Columbus and Vikings. Both came to America at the turn of the century 500 and 1000 years ago, when the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic were ice-free.