Abstract
Slots in river bridge piers have proved effective at reducing foundation scour. This paper reports on 33 experiments carried out under clear-water conditions to assess the performance of Y-shaped and T-shaped slots compared with commonly used straight slots. The variables included three flow discharges, five types of slotted piers and a single pier without a slot, two slots partially embedded in the river bed and non-embedded slots. The scour contours and longitudinal and transverse scour profiles were measured. It was observed that, for the Y-shaped slots, the size of the downstream scour was reduced by decreasing the angle between the downstream slot faces. The results also indicated that the Y-shaped slots were more efficient than the T-shaped slots for scour control, while slot efficiency increased with embedment depth. A maximum efficiency of 59% in scour volume reduction was obtained for the best Y-shaped configuration, compared with a 53% reduction for the straight slot. Regarding the maximum scour depth, the straight slot provided a maximum scour reduction of 38%, compared with 33% maximum reduction for the Y-shaped slot.
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