Abstract
This paper describes the results of the influence of Y-chromosome gene complex on pre- and postnatal growth of piglets of laboratory mini-pigs ICG SB RAS. Breeding group includes four genealogical lines of boars united by a successive father-son relationship. Three lines: MS2853, MS2987, and VTN300 inherited their Y chromosomes from boars of Vietnamese-South Asian breed. The fourth line (LNDR07) received Y chromosome from the Landrace boar. This study revealed that all three lines of boars carrying Asian Y chromosome did not differ in weight of newborn offspring, while the weight and, correspondingly, prenatal growth of newborns of boars carrying European Y chromosome were statistically significantly less. Thus, at this stage of research, there is reason to believe that the selection group of mini-pigs ICG SB RAS contains polymorphism in the complex of Y-chromosome genes involved in the control of prenatal growth process. An assumption was considered that growth retardation during prenatal and early postnatal periods, as well as an increased proportion of culled offspring of boars carrying European Y chromosome can be caused by poor compatibility of its gene complex with the allele pool inherited from the mini pigs ICG SB RAS from Vietnamese breed.
Highlights
In mammals, Y chromosome is a structure that has lost significant part of genes due to an immune conflict with X chromosome genes [1,2,3]
Erythrocyte antigen polymorphism associated with sex chromosomes was described which is controlled by both homologous and non-homologous regions of X and Y chromosomes [10]
Comparison of intergroup dispersions in live weight of newborn piglets in the genealogical lines of mini-pigs at the ICG SB RAS showed that they belong to the same general population (Bartlett’s criterion χ2 = 3.483; d.f. = 70), i.e., the suitability of data array for the analysis of variance
Summary
Y chromosome is a structure that has lost significant part of genes due to an immune conflict with X chromosome genes [1,2,3]. The frequency of crossing-over between X and Y chromosomes is significantly lower than between autosomes [4] what makes it possible to sustainably inherit traits controlled by genes specific for Y chromosome. Erythrocyte antigen polymorphism associated with sex chromosomes was described which is controlled by both homologous and non-homologous regions of X and Y chromosomes [10]. The presence of a factor was shown that provides males with a larger weight at birth [11, 12]. It is possible that he Y chromosome is a rather significant factor determining birth weight in a small and highly inbred population
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